Plant Physiology Preview
Published on March 6, 2003; 10.1104/pp.102.012294
Received August 1, 2002
Returned for revision October 14, 2002
Accepted December 27, 2002
Natural Abundance Carbon Isotope Composition of Isoprene Reflects Incomplete Coupling between Isoprene Synthesis and Photosynthetic Carbon Flow
Hagit P. Affek and Dan Yakir *
Department of Environmental Sciences and Energy Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
* Corresponding author; email: dan.yakir{at}weizmann.ac.il.
Isoprene emission from leaves is dynamically coupled to photosynthesis through the use of primary and recent photosynthate in the chloroplast. However, natural abundance carbon isotope composition ( 13C) measurements in myrtle (Myrtus communis), buckthorn (Rhamnus alaternus), and velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens) showed that only 72% to 91% of the variations in the 13C values of fixed carbon were reflected in the 13C values of concurrently emitted isoprene. The results indicated that 9% to 28% carbon was contributed from alternative, slow turnover, carbon source(s). This contribution increased when photosynthesis was inhibited by CO2-free air. The observed variations in the 13C of isoprene under ambient and CO2-free air were consistent with contributions to isoprene synthesis in the chloroplast from pyruvate associated with cytosolic Glc metabolism. Irrespective of alternative carbon source(s), isoprene was depleted in 13C relative to mean photosynthetically fixed carbon by 4 to 11. Variable 13C discrimination, its increase by partially inhibiting isoprene synthesis with fosmidomicin, and the associated accumulation of pyruvate suggested that the main isotopic discrimination step was the deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthase reaction.
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