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Published on December 11, 2003; 10.1104/pp.103.026989

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Received May 19, 2003
Returned for revision June 30, 2003
Accepted September 17, 2003

Overexpression of Selenocysteine Methyltransferase in Arabidopsis and Indian Mustard Increases Selenium Tolerance and Accumulation

Danika L. LeDuc , Alice S. Tarun , Maria Montes-Bayon , Juris Meija , Michele F. Malit , Carol P. Wu , Manal AbdelSamie , Chih-Yuan Chiang , Abderrhamane Tagmount , Mark P. deSouza , Bernhard Neuhierl , August Böck , Joseph A. Caruso , and Norman Terry *

Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (D.L.L., A.S.T., M.F.M., C.P.W., M.A., C.-Y.C., A.T., M.D.S, N.T.); Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio (M.M.B., J.M., J.C.); and Microbiology, Department of Biology I, University of Munich, D-80638 Munich, Germany (B.N., A.B.)

* Corresponding author; email: nterry{at}nature.berkeley.edu.

A major goal of phytoremediation is to transform fast-growing plants with genes from plant species that hyperaccumulate toxic trace elements. We overexpressed the gene encoding seleno-cysteine (Cys) methyltransferase (SMT) from the selenium (Se) hyperaccumulator, Astragalus bisulcatus, in Arabidopsis and Indian mustard (Brassica juncea). SMT detoxifies seleno-cysteine by methylating it to methylseleno-Cys, a nonprotein amino acid, thereby diminishing the toxic misincorporation of Se into protein. Our transgenic plants accumulated more Se in the form of methylseleno-Cys than wild type. SMT-transgenic seedlings tolerated Se, particularly selenite, significantly better than wild type, producing 3- to 7-fold greater biomass and 3-fold longer root lengths. Moreover, SMT plants had significantly increased Se accumulation and volatilization. This is the first report where a fast-growing plant was genetically engineered to overexpress a gene from a hyperaccumulator to increase phytoremediation potential.




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