Plant Physiology Preview Published on March 26, 2004; 10.1104/pp.103.028050
Received June 4, 2003
Returned for revision June 24, 2003
Accepted July 4, 2003
The Immunophilin-Interacting Protein AtFIP37 from Arabidopsis Is Essential for Plant Development and Is Involved in Trichome Endoreduplication
Laurent Vespa , Gilles Vachon , Frédéric Berger , Daniel Perazza , Jean-Denis Faure , and Michel Herzog *
Laboratoire Plastes et Différenciation Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5575, Université Joseph Fourier, F-38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France (L.V., G.V., D.P., M.H.); Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5667, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Lyon I, Ecole Normal Supérieure de Lyon, F-69364 Lyon cedex 07, France (F.B.); and Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, F-78026 Versailles cedex, France (J-D.F.)
* Corresponding author; email: michel.herzog{at}ujf-grenoble.fr.
The FKBP12 (FK506-binding protein 12 kD) immunophilin interacts with several protein partners in mammals and is a physiological regulator of the cell cycle. In Arabidopsis, only one specific partner of AtFKBP12, namely AtFIP37 (FKBP12 interacting protein 37 kD), has been identified but its function in plant development is not known. We present here the functional analysis of AtFIP37 in Arabidopsis. Knockout mutants of AtFIP37 show an embryo-lethal phenotype that is caused by a strong delay in endosperm development and embryo arrest. AtFIP37 promoter:: -glucuronidase reporter gene constructs show that the gene is expressed during embryogenesis and throughout plant development, in undifferentiating cells such as meristem or embryonic cells as well as highly differentiating cells such as trichomes. A translational fusion with the enhanced yellow fluorescent protein indicates that AtFIP37 is a nuclear protein localized in multiple subnuclear foci that show a speckled distribution pattern. Overexpression of AtFIP37 in transgenic lines induces the formation of large trichome cells with up to six branches. These large trichomes have a DNA content up to 256C, implying that these cells have undergone extra rounds of endoreduplication. Altogether, these data show that AtFIP37 is critical for life in Arabidopsis and implies a role for AtFIP37 in the regulation of the cell cycle as shown for FKBP12 and TOR (target of rapamycin) in mammals.
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