Plant Physiology Preview Published on November 6, 2003; 10.1104/pp.103.029629
Received July 3, 2003
Returned for revision August 5, 2003
Accepted September 16, 2003
Blue-Light- and Phosphorylation-DependentBinding of a 14-3-3 Protein to Phototropins in StomatalGuard Cells of Broad Bean
Toshinori Kinoshita , Takashi Emi , Misumi Tominaga , Koji Sakamoto , Ayako Shigenaga , Michio Doi , and Ken-ichiro Shimazaki *
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Ropponmatsu, Fukuoka, Japan 810-8560
* Corresponding author; email: kenrcb{at}mbox.nc.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
Phototropins are blue-light (BL) receptor serine (Ser)/threonine kinases, and contain two light, oxygen, and voltage (LOV) domains, and are members of the PAS domain superfamily. They mediate phototropism, chloroplast movement, leaf expansion, and stomatal opening of higher plants in response to BL. In stomatal guard cells, genetic analysis has revealed that phototropins mediate activation of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase by phosphorylation and drive stomatal opening. However, biochemical evidence for the involvement of phototropins in the BL response of stomata is lacking. Using guard cell protoplasts, we showed that broad bean (Vicia faba) phototropins (Vfphots) were phosphorylated by BL, and that this phosphorylation of Vfphots reached to the maximum level earlier than that of the H+-ATPase. Phosphorylation of both Vfphots and H+-ATPase showed similar sensitivity to BL and were similarly suppressed by protein kinase and flavoprotein inhibitors. We found that a 14-3-3 protein was bound to Vfphots upon phosphorylation, and this binding occurred earlier than the H+-ATPase phosphorylation. Vfphots (Vfphot1a and Vfphot1b) were expressed in Escherichia coli, and phosphorylation sites were determined to be Ser-358 for Vfphot1a and Ser-344 for Vfphot1b, which are localized between LOV1 and LOV2. We conclude that Vfphots act as BL receptors in guard cells and that phosphorylation of a Ser residue between LOV1 and LOV2 and subsequent 14-3-3 protein binding are likely to be key steps of BL response in stomata. The binding of a 14-3-3 protein to Vfphot was found in etiolated seedlings and leaves in response to BL, suggesting that this event was common to phototropin-mediated responses.
This article has been cited by other articles:

|
 |

|
 |
 
Z. Zhao, W. Zhang, B. A. Stanley, and S. M. Assmann
Functional Proteomics of Arabidopsis thaliana Guard Cells Uncovers New Stomatal Signaling Pathways
PLANT CELL,
December 1, 2008;
20(12):
3210 - 3226.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
F. Wen, D. Xing, and L. Zhang
Hydrogen peroxide is involved in high blue light-induced chloroplast avoidance movements in Arabidopsis
J. Exp. Bot.,
July 1, 2008;
59(10):
2891 - 2901.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
S.-i. Inoue, T. Kinoshita, M. Matsumoto, K. I. Nakayama, M. Doi, and K.-i. Shimazaki
Blue light-induced autophosphorylation of phototropin is a primary step for signaling
PNAS,
April 8, 2008;
105(14):
5626 - 5631.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
K. Nakano, T. Yamamoto, T. Kishimoto, T. Noji, and K. Tanaka
Protein Kinases Fpk1p and Fpk2p are Novel Regulators of Phospholipid Asymmetry
Mol. Biol. Cell,
April 1, 2008;
19(4):
1783 - 1797.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
X. Chen, W.-H. Lin, Y. Wang, S. Luan, and H.-W. Xue
An Inositol Polyphosphate 5-Phosphatase Functions in PHOTOTROPIN1 Signaling in Arabidopis by Altering Cytosolic Ca2+
PLANT CELL,
February 1, 2008;
20(2):
353 - 366.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
S. Sullivan, C. E. Thomson, D. J. Lamont, M. A. Jones, and J. M. Christie
In Vivo Phosphorylation Site Mapping and Functional Characterization of Arabidopsis Phototropin 1
Mol Plant,
January 1, 2008;
1(1):
178 - 194.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. D. Mayfield, K. M. Folta, A.-L. Paul, and R. J. Ferl
The 14-3-3 Proteins {micro} and {upsilon} Influence Transition to Flowering and Early Phytochrome Response
Plant Physiology,
December 1, 2007;
145(4):
1692 - 1702.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
Y. Takahashi, T. Kinoshita, and K.-i. Shimazaki
Protein Phosphorylation and Binding of a 14-3-3 Protein in Vicia Guard Cells in Response to ABA
Plant Cell Physiol.,
August 1, 2007;
48(8):
1182 - 1191.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
U. V. Pedmale and E. Liscum
Regulation of Phototropic Signaling in Arabidopsis via Phosphorylation State Changes in the Phototropin 1-interacting Protein NPH3
J. Biol. Chem.,
July 6, 2007;
282(27):
19992 - 20001.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
X. Zhang, A. Takemiya, T. Kinoshita, and K.-i. Shimazaki
Nitric Oxide Inhibits Blue Light-Specific Stomatal Opening Via Abscisic Acid Signaling Pathways in Vicia Guard Cells
Plant Cell Physiol.,
May 1, 2007;
48(5):
715 - 723.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
O. Klychnikov, K. Li, H Lill, and A. de Boer
The V-ATPase from etiolated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) shoots is activated by blue light and interacts with 14-3-3 proteins
J. Exp. Bot.,
March 1, 2007;
58(5):
1013 - 1023.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. Takemiya, T. Kinoshita, M. Asanuma, and K.-i. Shimazaki
Protein phosphatase 1 positively regulates stomatal opening in response to blue light in Vicia faba
PNAS,
September 5, 2006;
103(36):
13549 - 13554.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Doi, M. Wada, and K.-i. Shimazaki
The Fern Adiantum capillus-veneris Lacks Stomatal Responses to Blue Light
Plant Cell Physiol.,
June 1, 2006;
47(6):
748 - 755.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
D. Matsuoka and S. Tokutomi
Blue light-regulated molecular switch of Ser/Thr kinase in phototropin
PNAS,
September 13, 2005;
102(37):
13337 - 13342.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
S.-i. Inoue, T. Kinoshita, and K.-i. Shimazaki
Possible Involvement of Phototropins in Leaf Movement of Kidney Bean in Response to Blue Light
Plant Physiology,
August 1, 2005;
138(4):
1994 - 2004.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
T. Emi, T. Kinoshita, K. Sakamoto, Y. Mineyuki, and K.-i. Shimazaki
Isolation of a Protein Interacting with Vfphot1a in Guard Cells of Vicia faba
Plant Physiology,
July 1, 2005;
138(3):
1615 - 1626.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
K. Ueno, T. Kinoshita, S.-i. Inoue, T. Emi, and K.-i. Shimazaki
Biochemical Characterization of Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase Activation in Guard Cell Protoplasts of Arabidopsis thaliana in Response to Blue Light
Plant Cell Physiol.,
June 1, 2005;
46(6):
955 - 963.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. Onodera, S.-G. Kong, M. Doi, K.-I. Shimazaki, J. Christie, N. Mochizuki, and A. Nagatani
Phototropin from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is Functional in Arabidopsis thaliana
Plant Cell Physiol.,
February 1, 2005;
46(2):
367 - 374.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
G. Tallman
Are diurnal patterns of stomatal movement the result of alternating metabolism of endogenous guard cell ABA and accumulation of ABA delivered to the apoplast around guard cells by transpiration?
J. Exp. Bot.,
September 1, 2004;
55(405):
1963 - 1976.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|
|
|