Plant Physiology Preview
Published on February 12, 2004; 10.1104/pp.103.030148
Received July 14, 2003
Returned for revision August 19, 2003
Accepted November 21, 2003
PICKLE Acts throughout the Plant to Repress Expression of Embryonic Traits and May Play a Role in Gibberellin-Dependent Responses
Jim T. Henderson , Hui-Chun Li , Stanley Dean Rider , Andreas P. Mordhorst , Jeanne Romero-Severson , Jin-Chen Cheng , Jennifer Robey , Z. Renee Sung , Sacco C. de Vries , and Joe Ogas *
Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 (J.T.H., H.-C.L., S.D.R., J.R., J.O.); Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, 6703 HA Wageningen, The Netherlands (A.P.M., S.C.d.V.); Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 (J.R.-S.); and Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (J.-C.C., Z.R.S.)
* Corresponding author; email: ogas{at}purdue.edu.
A seed marks the transition between two developmental states; a plant is an embryo during seed formation, whereas it is a seedling after emergence from the seed. Two factors have been identified in Arabidopsis that play a role in establishment of repression of the embryonic state: PKL (PICKLE), which codes for a putative CHD3 chromatin remodeling factor, and gibberellin (GA), a plant growth regulator. Previous observations have also suggested that PKL mediates some aspects of GA responsiveness in the adult plant. To investigate possible mechanisms by which PKL and GA might act to repress the embryonic state, we further characterized the ability of PKL and GA to repress embryonic traits and reexamined the role of PKL in mediating GA-dependent responses. We found that PKL acts throughout the seedling to repress expression of embryonic traits. Although the ability of pkl seedlings to express embryonic traits is strongly induced by inhibiting GA biosynthesis, it is only marginally responsive to abscisic acid and SPY (SPINDLY), factors that have previously been demonstrated to inhibit GA-dependent responses during germination. We also observed that pkl plants exhibit the phenotypic hallmarks of a mutation in a positive regulator of a GA response pathway including reduced GA responsiveness and increased synthesis of bioactive GAs. These observations indicate that PKL may mediate a subset of GA-dependent responses during shoot development.
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