Plant Physiology Preview Published on July 9, 2004; 10.1104/pp.104.042705
Received March 15, 2004
Returned for revision April 26, 2004
Accepted April 26, 2004
Phototropins Mediate Blue and Red Light-Induced Chloroplast Movements in Physcomitrella patens
Masahiro Kasahara , Takatoshi Kagawa , Yoshikatsu Sato , Tomohiro Kiyosue , and Masamitsu Wada *
National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan; Gene Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan; Solution Oriented Research for Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Graduate School of Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
* Corresponding author; email: wada-masamitsu{at}c.metro-u.ac.jp.
Phototropin is the blue-light receptor that mediates phototropism, chloroplast movement, and stomatal opening in Arabidopsis. Blue and red light induce chloroplast movement in the moss Physcomitrella patens. To study the photoreceptors for chloroplast movement in P. patens, four phototropin genes (PHOTA1, PHOTA2, PHOTB1, and PHOTB2) were isolated by screening cDNA libraries. These genes were classified into two groups (PHOTA and PHOTB) on the basis of their deduced amino acid sequences. Then phototropin disruptants were generated by homologous recombination and used for analysis of chloroplast movement. Data revealed that blue light-induced chloroplast movement was mediated by phototropins in P. patens. Both photA and photB groups were able to mediate chloroplast avoidance, as has been reported for Arabidopsis phot2, although the photA group contributed more to the response. Red light-induced chloroplast movement was also significantly reduced in photA2photB1photB2 triple disruptants. Because the primary photoreceptor for red light-induced chloroplast movement in P. patens is phytochrome, phototropins may be downstream components of phytochromes in the signaling pathway. To our knowledge, this work is the first to show a function for the phototropin blue-light receptor in a response to wavelengths that it does not absorb.
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