Plant Physiology Preview
Published on October 29, 2004; 10.1104/pp.104.049502
Received July 9, 2004
Returned for revision September 10, 2004
Accepted September 15, 2004
Molecular Physiological Analysis of the Two Plastidic ATP/ADP Transporters from Arabidopsis
Jens Reiser , Nicole Linka , Lilia Lemke , Wolfgang Jeblick , and H. Ekkehard Neuhaus *
Pflanzenphysiologie, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Kaiserslautern, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1312
* Corresponding author; email: neuhaus{at}rhrk.uni-kl.de.
Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) possesses two isoforms of plastidic ATP/ADP transporters (AtNTT1 and AtNTT2) exhibiting similar biochemical properties. To analyze the function of both isoforms on the molecular level, we examined the expression pattern of both genes by northern-blot analysis and promoter- -glucuronidase fusions. AtNTT1 represents a sugar-induced gene mainly expressed in stem and roots, whereas AtNTT2 is expressed in several Arabidopsis tissues with highest accumulation in developing roots and young cotyledons. Developing lipid-storing seeds hardly contained AtNTT1 or -2 transcripts. The absence of a functional AtNTT1 gene affected plant development only slightly, whereas AtNTT2::T-DNA, AtNTT1-2::T-DNA, and RNA interference (RNAi) plants showed retarded plant development, mainly characterized by a reduced ability to generate primary roots and a delayed chlorophyll accumulation in seedlings. Electron microscopic examination of chloroplast substructure also revealed an impaired formation of thylakoids in RNAi seedlings. Moreover, RNAi- and AtNTT1-2::T-DNA plants showed reduced accumulation of the nuclear-encoded protein CP24 during deetiolation. Under short-day conditions reduced plastidic ATP import capacity correlates with a substantially reduced plant growth rate. This effect is absent under long-day conditions, strikingly indicating that nocturnal ATP import into chloroplasts is important. Plastidic ATP/ADP transport activity exerts significant control on lipid synthesis in developing Arabidopsis seeds. In total we made the surprising observation that plastidic ATP/ADP transport activity is not required to pass through the complete plant life cycle. However, plastidic ATP/ADP-transporter activity is required for both an undisturbed development of young tissues and a controlled cellular metabolism in mature leaves.
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