Plant Physiology Preview
Published on October 29, 2004; 10.1104/pp.104.052084
Received August 19, 2004
Returned for revision August 31, 2004
Accepted September 3, 2004
The Arabidopsis Trehalose-6-P Synthase AtTPS1 Gene Is a Regulator of Glucose, Abscisic Acid, and Stress Signaling
Nelson Avonce , Barbara Leyman , José O. Mascorro-Gallardo , Patrick Van Dijck , Johan M. Thevelein , and Gabriel Iturriaga *
Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico
Laboratorium voor Moleculaire Celbiologie, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and Vlaams Interuniversitair Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), B-3001 Leuven-Heverlee, Flanders, Belgium
Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico
* Corresponding author; email: iturri{at}cib.uaem.mx.
In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), trehalose is present at almost undetectable levels, excluding its role as an osmoprotectant. Here, we report that overexpression of AtTPS1 in Arabidopsis using the 35S promoter led to a small increase in trehalose and trehalose-6-P levels. In spite of this, transgenic plants displayed a dehydration tolerance phenotype without any visible morphological alterations, except for delayed flowering. Moreover, seedlings overexpressing AtTPS1 exhibited glucose (Glc)- and abscisic acid (ABA)-insensitive phenotypes. Transgenic seedlings germinated on Glc were visibly larger with green well-expanded cotyledonary leaves and fully developed roots, in contrast with wild-type seedlings showing growth retardation and absence of photosynthetic tissue. An ABA dose-response experiment revealed a higher germination rate for transgenic plants overexpressing AtTPS1 showing insensitive germination kinetics at 2.5 µM ABA. Interestingly, germination in the presence of Glc did not trigger an increase in ABA content in plants overexpressing AtTPS1. Expression analysis by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR in transgenic plants showed up-regulation of the ABI4 and CAB1 genes. In the presence of Glc, CAB1 expression remained high, whereas ABI4, HXK1, and ApL3 levels were down-regulated in the AtTPS1-overexpressing lines. Analysis of AtTPS1 expression in HXK1-antisense or HXK1-sense transgenic lines suggests the possible involvement of AtTPS1 in the hexokinase-dependent Glc-signaling pathway. These data strongly suggest that AtTPS1 has a pivotal role in the regulation of Glc and ABA signaling during vegetative development.
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