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Published on February 25, 2005; 10.1104/pp.104.055087

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Received October 15, 2004
Returned for revision December 28, 2004
Accepted January 6, 2005

Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes Involved in the Secondary Cell Wall Biogenesis in Hybrid Aspen

Henrik Aspeborg , Jarmo Schrader , Pedro M. Coutinho , Mark Stam , Åsa Kallas , Soraya Djerbi , Peter Nilsson , Stuart Denman , Bahram Amini , Fredrik Sterky , Emma Master , Göran Sandberg , Ewa Mellerowicz , Björn Sundberg , Bernard Henrissat , and Tuula T. Teeri *

Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, AlbaNova University Center, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
Umea Plant Science Center, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, SE-90183 Umea, Sweden
Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6098, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Universities of Aix-Marseille I and II, 13402 Marseille cedex 20, France

* Corresponding author; email: tuula{at}biotech.kth.se.

Wood formation is a fundamental biological process with significant economic interest. While lignin biosynthesis is currently relatively well understood, the pathways leading to the synthesis of the key structural carbohydrates in wood fibers remain obscure. We have used a functional genomics approach to identify enzymes involved in carbohydrate biosynthesis and remodeling during xylem development in the hybrid aspen Populus tremula x tremuloides. Microarrays containing cDNA clones from different tissue-specific libraries were hybridized with probes obtained from narrow tissue sections prepared by cryosectioning of the developing xylem. Bioinformatic analyses using the sensitive tools developed for carbohydrate-active enzymes allowed the identification of 25 xylem-specific glycosyltransferases belonging to the Carbohydrate-Active EnZYme families GT2, GT8, GT14, GT31, GT43, GT47, and GT61 and nine glycosidases (or transglycosidases) belonging to the Carbohydrate-Active EnZYme families GH9, GH10, GH16, GH17, GH19, GH28, GH35, and GH51. While no genes encoding either polysaccharide lyases or carbohydrate esterases were found among the secondary wall-specific genes, one putative O-acetyltransferase was identified. These wood-specific enzyme genes constitute a valuable resource for future development of engineered fibers with improved performance in different applications.




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