Plant Physiology Preview
Published on June 10, 2005; 10.1104/pp.104.057414
Received November 29, 2004
Returned for revision March 30, 2005
Accepted May 3, 2005
A Sphingolipid Elicitor-Inducible Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Is Regulated by the Small GTPase OsRac1 and Heterotrimeric G-Protein in Rice
Damien Lieberherr , Nguyen Phuong Thao , Ayako Nakashima , Kenji Umemura , Tsutomu Kawasaki , and Ko Shimamoto *
Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan
Agricultural and Veterinary Research Laboratories, Meiji Seika Kaisha, Ltd., Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 222-8567, Japan
* Corresponding author; email: simamoto{at}bs.naist.jp.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are activated in plants during responses to pathogens or to pathogen-derived elicitors and mediate intracellular stress responses. Here, we show that a rice (Oryza sativa) MAPK, OsMAPK6, was posttranslationally activated in a cell culture by a sphingolipid elicitor. Suppression of OsMAPK6 expression by RNA interference resulted in a strong reduction of pathogen-induced Phe ammonia-lyase mRNA, whereas the mRNA level of another rice MAPK, OsMAPK5a, was highly increased. Silencing of a small GTPase, OsRac1, by RNA interference or loss-of-function mutation (d1) of the heterotrimeric G-protein  -subunit gene resulted in a strong reduction of the OsMAPK6 protein levels and of kinase activation by a sphingolipid elicitor. Furthermore, coimmunoprecipitation experiments with OsRac1 and OsMAPK6 proteins showed that OsMAPK6 is closely associated with the active form of OsRac1, but not with inactive forms of OsRac1. These results indicate that these two G-proteins regulate an elicitor-inducible MAPK in rice at the protein level.
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