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Published on October 21, 2005; 10.1104/pp.105.068684

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Received July 25, 2005
Returned for revision September 7, 2005
Accepted September 17, 2005

Overexpression of AtCpNifS Enhances Selenium Tolerance and Accumulation in Arabidopsis

Douglas Van Hoewyk , Gulnara F. Garifullina , Ashley R. Ackley , Salah E. Abdel-Ghany , Matthew A. Marcus , Sirine Fakra , Keiki Ishiyama , Eri Inoue , Marinus Pilon , Hideki Takahashi , and Elizabeth A.H. Pilon-Smits *

Biology Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan

* Corresponding author; email: epsmits{at}lamar.colostate.edu.

Selenium (Se) is an essential element for many organisms but is toxic at higher levels. CpNifS is a chloroplastic NifS-like protein in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) that can catalyze the conversion of cysteine into alanine and elemental sulfur (S0) and of selenocysteine into alanine and elemental Se (Se0). We overexpressed CpNifS to investigate the effects on Se metabolism in plants. CpNifS overexpression significantly enhanced selenate tolerance (1.9-fold) and Se accumulation (2.2-fold). CpNifS overexpressors showed significantly reduced Se incorporation into protein, which may explain their higher Se tolerance. Also, sulfur accumulation was enhanced by approximately 30% in CpNifS overexpressors, both on media with and without selenate. Root transcriptome changes in response to selenate mimicked the effects observed under sulfur starvation. There were only a few transcriptome differences between CpNifS-overexpressing plants and wild type, besides the 25- to 40-fold increase in CpNifS levels. Judged from x-ray analysis of near edge spectrum, both CpNifS overexpressors and wild type accumulated mostly selenate (SeVI). In conclusion, overexpression of this plant NifS-like protein had a pronounced effect on plant Se metabolism. The observed enhanced Se accumulation and tolerance of CpNifS overexpressors show promise for use in phytoremediation.




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