Plant Physiology Preview
Published on December 9, 2005; 10.1104/pp.105.069625
Received August 8, 2005
Returned for revision October 4, 2005
Accepted October 6, 2005
Heterotrimeric G Proteins Facilitate Arabidopsis Resistance to Necrotrophic Pathogens and Are Involved in Jasmonate Signaling
Yuri Trusov , James Edward Rookes , David Chakravorty , David Armour , Peer Martin Schenk , and José Ramón Botella *
Plant Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, School of Integrative Biology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
* Corresponding author; email: j.botella{at}uq.edu.au.
Heterotrimeric G proteinshave been previously linked to plant defense; however a role for the G  dimer in defense signaling has not been described to date. Using available Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants lacking functional G or G subunits, we show that defense against the necrotrophic pathogens Alternaria brassicicola and Fusarium oxysporum is impaired in G-deficient mutants while G-deficient mutants show slightly increased resistance compared to wild-type Columbia ecotype plants. In contrast, responses to virulent (DC3000) and avirulent (JL1065) strains of Pseudomonas syringae appear to be independent of heterotrimeric G proteins. The induction of a number of defense-related genes in G-deficient mutants were severely reduced in response to A. brassicicola infection. In addition, G-deficient mutants exhibit decreased sensitivity to a number of methyl jasmonate-induced responses such as induction of the plant defensin gene PDF1.2, inhibition of root elongation, seed germination, and growth of plants in sublethal concentrations of methyl jasmonate. In all cases, the behavior of the G-deficient mutants is coherent with the classic heterotrimeric mechanism of action, indicating that jasmonic acid signaling is influenced by the G functional subunit but not by G. We hypothesize that G acts as a direct or indirect enhancer of the jasmonate signaling pathway in plants.
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