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Published on January 13, 2006; 10.1104/pp.105.071803

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Received September 22, 2005
Returned for revision October 31, 2005
Accepted December 21, 2005

Wound-induced terpene synthase gene expression in Sitka spruce that exhibit resistance or susceptibility to attack by the white pine weevil

Ashley Byun-McKay , Kimberley-Ann Godard , Morteza Toudefallah , Diane Martin , Rene Alfaro , John King , Joerg Bohlmann , and Aine L. Plant *

Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, B.C., V5A 1S6 Canada
Michael Smith Laboratories and Departments of Botany and Forest Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4, Canada
Canadian Forest Service, 506 W. Burnside Road, Victoria, B.C. V8Z 1M5, Canada
B.C. Ministry of Forests Research Branch, PO Box 9519 Stn. Prov. Govt, Victoria, B.C. V8W 9C2, Canada

* Corresponding author; email: Aine_Plant{at}sfu.ca.

We analysed the expression pattern of various terpene synthase (TPS) genes in response to a wounding injury applied to the apical leader of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis Bong. Carr.) genotypes known to be resistant (R) or susceptible (S) to white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi Peck.) attack. The purpose was to test if differences in constitutive or wound-induced TPS expression can be associated with established weevil resistance. All wounding treatments were conducted on nine-year-old R and S trees growing under natural field conditions within the range of variation for weevil R and S genotypes. Representative cDNAs of the mono-, sesqui-, and di-TPS classes were isolated from Sitka spruce to assess TPS transcript levels. Based on amino acid sequence similarity, the cDNAs resemble Norway spruce (-)-linalool synthase (mono-TPS; PsTPS-Linl) and levopimaradiene/abietadiene synthase (di-TPS; PsTPS-LASl), and grand fir {delta}-selinene synthase (sesqui-TPS, PsTPS-Sell). One other mono-TPS was functionally identified as (-)-limonene synthase (PsTPS-Lim). No significant difference in constitutive expression levels for these TPS was detected between R and S trees. However, over a post-wounding period of 16 days, only R trees exhibited significant transcript accumulation for the mono- and sesqui TPS tested. Both R and S trees exhibited a significant accumulation of PsTPS-LASl transcripts. An assessment of traumatic resin duct (TRD) formation in wounded leaders showed that both R and S trees responded by forming TRD; however, the magnitude of this response was significantly greater in R trees. Collectively, our data imply that the induced resinosis response is an important aspect of defense in weevil resistant Sitka spruce trees growing under natural conditions.




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