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Published on January 11, 2006; 10.1104/pp.105.073858

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Received November 7, 2005
Returned for revision November 26, 2005
Accepted November 26, 2005

Molecular characterization and phylogeny of U2AF35 homologs in plants

Bing-Bing Wang and Volker Brendel *

Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010
Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010; Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010

* Corresponding author; email: vbrendel{at}iastate.edu.

U2AF is an essential splicing factor with critical roles in recognition of the 3'-splice site. In animals, the U2AF small subunit (U2AF35) can bind to the 3'-AG intron border and promote U2 snRNP binding to the branchpoint sequences of introns through interaction with the U2AF large subunit. Two copies of U2AF35-encoding genes were identified in Arabidopsis (atU2AF35a and atU2AF35b). Both are expressed in all tissues inspected, with atU2AF35a expressed at a higher level than atU2AF35b in most tissues. Differences in the expression patterns of atU2AF35a and atU2AF35b in roots were revealed by a promoter::GUS assay, with atU2AF35b expressed strongly in whole young roots and root tips and atU2AF35a limited to root vascular regions. Altered expression levels of atU2AF35a or atU2AF35b cause pleiotropic phenotypes (including flowering time, leaf morphology, and flower and silique shape). Novel slicing isoforms were generated from FCA pre-mRNA by splicing of non-canonical introns in plants with altered expression levels of atU2AF35. U2AF35 homologs were also identified from maize, rice and other plants with large-scale EST projects. A C-terminal motif (named SERE) is highly conserved in all seed plant protein homologs, suggesting it may have an important function specific to higher plants.




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