Plant Physiology Preview
Published on May 26, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.077818
Received January 25, 2006
Returned for revision February 19, 2006
Accepted May 12, 2006
RPA, a Class II ARFGAP protein, activates ARF1 and U5 and plays a role in root hair development in Arabidopsis thaliana
Xiu-Fen Song , Chun-Ying Yang , Jie Liu , and Wei-Cai Yang *
Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101; Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100039, China
Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
* Corresponding author; email: wcyang{at}genetics.ac.cn.
The polar growth of plant cells depends on the secretion of large amount of membrane and cell wall materials at the growing tip to sustain rapid growth. Small GTP-binding proteins, such as ROPs and ARFs have been shown to play important roles in polar growth via regulating intracellular membrane trafficking. To investigate the role of membrane trafficking in plant development, a Ds insertion line that disrupted a putative ARFGAP gene, AT2G35210, was identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. Phenotypic analysis showed that the mutant seedlings developed isotropically expanded, short and branched root hairs. Pollen germination in vitro indicated that pollen tube growth rate was slightly affected in the mutant. AT2G35210 is specifically expressed in roots, pollen grains and pollen tubes, therefore designated ROOT AND POLLEN ARFGAP (RPA). RPA encodes a protein with an N-terminal ARFGAP domain. Subcellular localization experiment showed that RPA is localized at the Golgi complexes via its C-terminal 79 amino acids. We further showed that RPA possesses ARF GTPase-activating activity and specifically activates Arabidopsis ARF1 and ARF1-like protein U5 in vitro. Furthermore, RPA complemented the yeast glo3 gcs1 double mutant which suggested that RPA functions as an ARFGAP during vesicle transport between Golgi and ER. Together, we demonstrated that RPA plays a role in root hair and pollen tube growth through most likely the regulation of Arabidopsis ARF1 and ARF1-like protein U5 activity.
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