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Published on April 14, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.078881


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Received February 7, 2006
Returned for revision February 23, 2006
Accepted April 7, 2006

Systematic Analysis of Arabidopsis Organelles and a Protein Localization Database for Facilitating Fluorescent Tagging of Full-Length Arabidopsis Proteins

Shijun Li , David W. Ehrhardt , and Seung Y. Rhee *

Carnegie Institution, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305

* Corresponding author; email: rhee{at}acoma.stanford.edu.

Cells are organized into a complex network of subcellular compartments that are specialized for various biological functions. Subcellular location is an important attribute of protein function. In order to facilitate systematic elucidation of protein subcellular location, we analyzed experimentally verified protein localization data of 1,300 Arabidopsis proteins. The 1,300 experimentally verified proteins are distributed among 40 different compartments, with most of the proteins localized to four compartments: mitochondria (36 %), nucleus (28 %), plastid (17%) and cytosol (13.3 %). About 19% of the proteins are found in multiple compartments, in which a high proportion (36.4%) is localized to both cytosol and nucleus. Characterization of the over-represented Gene Ontology molecular functions and biological processes suggests that the Golgi apparatus and peroxisome may play more diverse functions but are involved in more specialized processes than other compartments. To support systematic empirical determination of protein subcellular localization using a technology called fluorescent tagging of full-length proteins (FTFLP), we developed a database and web application to provide pre-selected green fluorescent protein (GFP) insertion position and primer sequences for all Arabidopsis proteins to study their subcellular localization and to store experimentally verified protein localization images, videos, and their annotations of proteins generated using the FTFLP technology. The database can be searched, browsed and downloaded using a web browser at http://aztec.stanford.edu/gfp/. The software can also be downloaded from the same website for local installation.




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