Plant Physiol. Drug Metab Dispos
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Published on April 28, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.079699

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Received March 8, 2006
Returned for revision March 30, 2006
Accepted April 23, 2006

Phosphorus deficiency decreases cell division and elongation in grass leaves

Monika Kavanová , Fernando Alfredo Lattanzi , Agustín Alberto Grimoldi , and Hans Schnyder *

Lehrstuhl für Grünlandlehre, Technische Universität München, Am Hochanger 1, D-85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany

* Corresponding author; email: schnyder{at}wzw.tum.de.

Leaf growth in monocotyledons results from a flux of newly born cells out of the division zone into the adjacent elongation-only zone, where cells reach their final length. We used a kinematic method to analyze the effect of phosphorus nutrition status on cell division and elongation parameters in the epidermis of Lolium perenne L. Phosphorus deficiency reduced leaf elongation rate by 39%, due to decreases in cell production rate (-19%) and final cell length (-20%). The former was solely due to a lower average cell division rate (0.028 vs. 0.046 cell cell-1 h-1) and thus a lengthened average cell cycle duration (25 vs. 15 h). The number of division cycles of the initial cell progeny (5-6), and as a result the number of meristematic cells (32-64), and division zone length, were independent of phosphorus status. Accordingly, low phosphorus cells maintained meristematic activity longer. The lack of effect of phosphorus deficiency on meristematic cell length implies that lower division rate was matched to a lower elongation rate. Phosphorus deficiency did not affect the elongation-only zone length, leading thus to a longer cell elongation duration (99 h vs. 75 h). However, the substantially reduced post-mitotic average relative elongation rate (0.045 vs. 0.064 mm mm-1 h-1) resulted in shorter mature cells. In summary, phosphorus deficiency did not affect the general controls of cell morphogenesis, but by slowing down the rates of cell division and expansion, it slowed down its pace.






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