Plant Physiol. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Published on July 14, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.081141

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Received March 29, 2006
Accepted July 6, 2006

Natural Genetic Variation of Freezing Tolerance in Arabidopsis

Matthew A. Hannah *, Dana Wiese , Susanne Freund , Oliver Fiehn , Arnd G. Heyer , and Dirk K. Hincha

Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, D-14424 Potsdam, Germany
Biologisches Institut, Abt. Botanik, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany

* Corresponding author; email: hannah{at}mpimp-golm.mpg.de.

Low temperature is a primary determinant of plant growth and survival. Using accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana originating from Scandinavia to the Cape Verde Islands we show that freezing tolerance of natural accessions correlates with habitat winter temperatures, identifying low temperature as an important selective pressure for Arabidopsis. Combined metabolite and transcript profiling show that during cold exposure global changes of transcripts, but not of metabolites, correlate with the ability of Arabidopsis to cold acclimate. There are, however, metabolites and transcripts, including several transcription factors, that correlate with freezing tolerance, indicating regulatory pathways that may be of primary importance for this trait. These data identify that enhanced freezing tolerance is associated with the down-regulation of photosynthesis and hormonal responses and the induction of flavonoid metabolism, provide the first evidence for naturally increased nonacclimated freezing tolerance due to the constitutive activation of the CBF pathway and identify new candidate transcriptional regulators that correlate with freezing tolerance.




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