Plant Physiology Preview
Published on June 30, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.082586
Received April 26, 2006
Accepted June 21, 2006
Mutations in Arabidopsis Yellow Stripe-Like1 (YSL1) and Yellow Stripe-Like3 (YSL3) reveal their roles in metal ion homeostasis and loading of metal ions in seeds
Waters BM , Chu HH , DiDonato RJ , Roberts LA , Eisley RB , Lahner B , Salt DE , and Walker EL *
Biology Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
Center for Plant Environmental Stress Physiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
* Corresponding author; email: ewalker{at}bio.umass.edu.
Here, we describe two members of the Arabidopsis thaliana Yellow Stripe-Like (YSL) family, AtYSL1 and AtYSL3. The YSL1 and YSL3 proteins are members of the oligopeptide transporter (OPT) family, and are predicted to be integral membrane proteins. YSL1 and YSL3 are similar to the Zea mays YS1 phytosiderophore transporter (ZmYS1) and the AtYSL2 iron-nicotianamine transporter and are predicted to transport metal-nicotianamine complexes into cells. YSL1 and YSL3 mRNAs are expressed in both root and shoot tissues, and both are regulated in response to the iron status of the plant. GUS reporter expression, driven by YSL1 and YSL3 promoters, reveals expression patterns of the genes in roots, leaves, and flowers. Expression was highest in senescing rosette leaves and cauline leaves. While the single mutants ysl1 and ysl3 had no visible phenotypes, the ysl1ysl3 double mutant exhibited iron deficiency symptoms, such as interveinal chlorosis. Leaf iron concentrations are decreased in the double mutant, while manganese, zinc, and especially copper concentrations are elevated. In seeds of double mutant plants, the concentrations of iron, zinc and copper are low. Mobilization of metals from leaves during senescence is impaired in the double mutant. In addition, the double mutant has reduced fertility due to defective anther and embryo development. The proposed physiological roles for YSL1 and YSL3 are in delivery of metal micronutrients to and from vascular tissues.
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