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Published on June 9, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.083063

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Received May 3, 2006
Returned for revision May 22, 2006
Accepted June 2, 2006

The relationship between the methyl-erythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway leading to emission of volatile isoprenoids and abscisic acid content in leaves

Csengele Barta and Francesco Loreto *

Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto di Biologia Agroambientale e Forestale, Via Salaria Km. 29,300, Monterotondo Scalo (Roma), Italy

* Corresponding author; email: francesco.loreto{at}ibaf.cnr.it.

It was investigated whether the methyl-erythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway that generates volatile isoprenoids and carotenoids, also produces foliar abscisic acid (ABA) and controls stomatal opening. When the MEP pathway was blocked by fosmidomycin and volatile isoprenoid emission was largely suppressed, leaf ABA content decreased to about 50% and leaf stomatal conductance increased significantly. No effect of fosmidomycin was seen in leaves with constitutively high rates of stomatal conductance and in plant species with low foliar ABA concentration. In all other cases, isoprene emission was directly associated with foliar ABA, but ABA reduction upon MEP pathway inhibition was also observed in plant species which do not emit isoprenoids. Stomatal closure causing a midday depression of photosynthesis was also associated to a concurrent increase of isoprene emission and ABA content. It is suggested that the MEP pathway generates a labile pool of ABA which responds rapidly to environmental changes. This pool also regulates stomatal conductance, possibly when coping with frequent changes of water availability. MEP pathway inhibition by leaf darkening, and its down-regulation by exposure to elevated CO2, was also associated to a reduction of foliar ABA content. However, stomata conductance was reduced, indicating that stomatal aperture is not regulated by the MEP-dependent foliar ABA pool, under these specific cases.




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