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Published on September 8, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.083543

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Received May 18, 2006
Accepted August 7, 2006

Isolation of mtpim Proves Tnt1 a Useful Reverse Genetics Tool in Medicago truncatula and Uncovers New Aspects of AP1-like functions in Legumes

Reyes Benlloch , Isabelle d'Erfurth , Cristina Ferrandiz , Viviane Cosson , José Pío Beltrán , Luis Antonio Cañas , Adam Kondorosi , Francisco Madueño *, and Pascal Ratet

Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas. CSIC-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia. Av. de los Naranjos s/n 46022 Valencia, Spain
Institut des Sciences du Végétal, CNRS, Av. de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, Cedex, France

* Corresponding author; email: madueno{at}ibmcp.upv.es.

Comparative studies help to understand how the huge diversity in plant forms found in nature has been produced. We use legume species to study developmental differences in inflorescence architecture and flower ontogeny with classical models such as Arabidopsis or Antirrhinum. While the genetic control of these processes have been analysed mostly in pea, Medicago truncatula is emerging as a promising alternative system for these studies due to the availability of a range of genetic tools. To assess the use of the retrotransposon Tnt1 for reverse genetics in M. truncatula, we screened a small Tnt1-mutagenised population using degenerate primers for MADS-box genes, known controllers of plant development. We describe here the characterization of mtpim, a new mutant caused by the insertion of Tnt1 in a homologue to the PROLIFERATING INFLORESCENCE MERISTEM / APETALA1 / SQUAMOSA genes. mtpim shows flower-to-inflorescence conversion and altered flowers with sepals transformed into leaves, indicating that MtPIM controls floral meristem identity and flower development. Though more extreme, this phenotype resembles the pea pim mutants, supporting that M. truncatula could be used to complement the analysis of reproductive development already initiated in pea. In fact, our study reveals new aspects not shown by the analysis of the pea mutants: that the mutation in the AP1 homologue interferes with the specification of floral organs from common primordia and causes conversion of sepals into leaves, in addition to true conversion of flower into inflorescence. The isolation of mtpim represents a proof of concept demonstrating that Tnt1 populations can be efficiently used in reverse genetic screenings in M. truncatula.




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