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Published on September 22, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.084053

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Received May 23, 2006
Accepted September 13, 2006

An Investigation of Boron Toxicity in Barley using Metabolomics

Ute Roessner *, John H. Patterson , Megan G. Forbes , Geoffrey B. Fincher , Peter Langridge , and Anthony Bacic

School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia

* Corresponding author; email: ute.roessner{at}acpfg.com.au.

Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient that affects plant growth at either deficient or toxic concentrations in soil. The aim of this work was to investigate the adaptation of barley (Hordeum vulgare) plants to toxic B levels and to increase our understanding of B toxicity tolerance mechanisms. We used a metabolomics approach to compare metabolite profiles in root and leaf tissues of an intolerant, commercial cultivar cv. Clipper and a B tolerant Algerian landrace, cv. Sahara. After exposure to elevated B (200 and 1000µM) the number and amplitude of metabolite changes in roots was greater in Clipper than in Sahara. In contrast, leaf metabolites of both cultivars only responded following 1000µM treatment, at which B toxicity symptoms (necrosis) were visible. In addition, metabolite levels were dramatically altered in the tips of leaves of the sensitive cultivar Clipper after growth in 1000µM B compared to those of Sahara. This correlates with a gradual accumulation of B from leaf base to tip in B intolerant cultivars. Overall, there were always greater differences between tissue types (roots and leaves) than between the two cultivars. This work has provided novel insights into metabolic differences of two genetically distinct barley cultivars and new information about how they respond metabolically to increasing B levels.




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