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Plant Physiology Preview Published on June 30, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.084178
Received May 25, 2006 The hpa1 mutant of Arabidopsis reveals a crucial role of histidine homeostasis in root meristem maintenance
State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, P. R. China * Corresponding author; email: bgyhz{at}leeds.ac.uk.
Histidine is an essential ingredient for protein synthesis and is required by all living organisms. In higher plants, although there is considerable evidence that histidine is essential for plant growth and survival, there is very little information as to whether it plays any specific role in plant development. Here we present evidence for such a role of this amino acid in root development in Arabidopsis from the characterization of a novel Arabidopsis mutant, hpa1, which has a very short root system and carries a mutation in one of the two Arabidopsis histidinol phosphate aminotransferase (HPA) genes, AtHPA1. We have established that AtHPA1 encodes a functional HPA and that its complete knockout is embryo lethal. Biochemical analysis shows that the mutation in hpa1only resulted in a 30% reduction in free histidine content and had no significant impact on the total histidine content. It did not cause any known symptoms of histidine starvation. However, the mutant displayed a specific developmental defect in root meristem maintenance and was unable to sustain primary root growth 2 days after germination. We have demonstrated that the root meristem failure in the mutant is tightly linked to the reduction in free histidine content and could be rescued by either exogenous histidine supplementation or AtHPA1 over-expression. Our results therefore reveal an important role of histidine homeostasis in plant development.
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