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Published on July 21, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.084475

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Received June 1, 2006
Accepted July 13, 2006

Genomic organization, differential expression and interaction of SPL transcription factors and microRNA156 in rice

Kabin Xie , Congqing Wu , and Lizhong Xiong *

National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China

* Corresponding author; email: lizhongx{at}mail.hzau.edu.cn.

Transcription factors play essential roles in the developmental processes of plants. Many such factors are regulated by microRNAs. SQUAMOSA promoter-binding-like (SPL) genes encode plant-specific transcription factors, some of which contain complementary sequences of microRNA156. In this study, 19 Oryza sativa SQUAMOSA promoter-binding-like (OsSPL) genes and 12 Oryza sativa microRNA156 (OsmiR156) precursors were identified in the rice genome. Sequence and experimental analysis suggested that 11 OsSPL genes were putative targets of OsmiR156. Plant SPL proteins were classified into six subgroups based on the phylogenetic analysis of SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein (SBP) domain. Diverse exon-intron structures and distinct organizations of putative motifs beyond the SBP domains were identified in the OsSPL gene family. Transcript level analysis of OsSPL genes in various rice tissues and organs revealed different tempo-spatial expression patterns. More than half of the OsSPL genes including most OsmiR156-targeted genes are predominantly expressed in the young panicles, whereas OsmiR156 genes are predominantly expressed in the young shoots and leaves of rice. Overexpression of two OsmiR156 genes (OsmiR156b and OsmiR156h) in rice resulted in severe dwarfism, strongly reduced panicle size, and delayed flowering, suggesting that OsmiR156 and OsSPL target genes are involved in various developmental processes, especially the flower development of rice. Different patterns of transcript changes (decreased or unchanged) of different target genes in same tissue and of same target gene in different tissues detected in the OsmiR156-overexpressing plants suggested diverse interactions between OsmiR156 and OsSPL target genes in a tissue-specific manner.




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