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Published on August 25, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.085472

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Received June 20, 2006
Accepted August 11, 2006

INTERACTION BETWEEN NITRIC OXIDE AND ETHYLENE IN THE INDUCTION OF ALTERNATIVE OXIDASE IN OZONE-TREATED TOBACCO PLANTS

Luisa Ederli , Roberta Morettini , Andrea Borgogni , Claus Wasternack , Otto Miersch , Lara Reale , Francesco Ferranti , Nicola Tosti , and Stefania Pasqualini *

Department of Plant Biology and Agro-Environmental and Animal Biotechnology, University of Perugia, I-06121 Perugia, Italy
Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzenbiochemie Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
CNR, Institute of Plant Genetic, Via della Madonna Alta, 130, I-06128, Perugia, Italy

* Corresponding author; email: spas{at}unipg.it.

The higher plant mitochondrial electron transport chain contains, in addition to the cytochrome chain, an alternative pathway that terminates with a single homodimeric protein, the alternative oxidase (AOX). We recorded temporary inhibition of cytochrome capacity respiration and activation of alternative oxidase pathway capacity in tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv BelW3) fumigated with ozone. The AOX1a gene was used as a molecular probe to investigate its regulation by signal molecules such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO), ethylene, salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) all of them reported to be involved in the ozone response. Fumigation leads to accumulation of H2O2 in mitochondria and early accumulation of NO in leaf tissues. Although ethylene accumulation was high in leaf tissues 5 h after the start of ozone fumigation, it declined during the recovery period. There were no differences in the JA and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid levels of treated and untreated plants. NO, JA and ethylene induced AOX1a mRNA accumulation. By using pharmacological inhibition of ethylene and NO, we demonstrate that both NO- and ethylene-dependent pathways are required for ozone-induced up-regulation of AOX1a. However, only NO is indispensable for the activation of AOX1a gene expression.




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