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Published on October 6, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.086231

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Received July 5, 2006
Accepted September 21, 2006

Modifications to the Arabidopsis defense Proteome Occur Prior to Significant Transcriptional Change in Response to Inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae

Alexandra M.E. Jones *, Vincent Thomas , Mark H. Bennett , John Mansfield , and Murray Grant

Department of Agricultural Science, Imperial College London, Wye Campus, High Street, Wye TN25 5AH, UK

* Corresponding author; email: alex.jones{at}sainsbury-laboratory.ac.uk.

Alterations in the proteome of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves during responses to challenge by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 were analysed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE). Protein changes characteristic of the establishment of disease, basal resistance, and R-gene mediated resistance were examined by comparing responses to DC3000, a hrp mutant and DC3000 expressing avrRpm1 respectively. The abundance of each protein identified was compared with that of selected transcripts obtained from comparable GeneChip experiments. We report changes in three subcellular fractions; total soluble protein, chloroplast enriched and mitochondria enriched, over four time points (1.5 to 6 h after inoculation). In total 73 differential spots, representing 52 unique proteins were successfully identified. Many of the changes in protein spot density occurred before significant transcriptional reprogramming was evident between treatments. The high proportion of proteins represented by more than one spot indicated that many of the changes to the proteome can be attributed to post-transcriptional modifications. Proteins found to show significant change after bacterial challenge are representative of two main functional groups; defense related antioxidants and metabolic enzymes. Significant changes to photosystem II and to components of the mitochondrial permeability transition were also identified. Rapid communication between organelles and regulation of primary metabolism through redox mediated signalling are supported by our data.




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