Plant Physiol. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Published on September 15, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.086355

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Received July 6, 2006
Accepted September 13, 2006

Up-regulation of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate Synthase Enhances Production of Essential Oils in Transgenic Lavandula latifolia (Spike Lavender)

Jesús Munoz-Bertomeu , Isabel Arrillaga , Roc Ros , and Juan Segura *

Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Facultad de Farmacia), Universidad de Valencia 46100 Burjasot, Valencia (Spain)

* Corresponding author; email: juan.segura{at}uv.es.

Lavandula latifolia (spike lavender) is an aromatic shrub cultivated worldwide for the production of essential oils. The major constituents of these oils are monoterpenes, which are obtained from isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) precursors through the plastidial methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway and/or the cytosolic mevalonate (MVA) pathway. 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS) catalyses the first step of the MEP pathway. A cDNA coding for the Arabidopsis thaliana DXS was constitutively expressed in spike lavender. GC-MS analyses revealed that transgenic plants accumulated significantly more essential oils as compared to controls (from 101.5% to 359.0% and from 12.2% to 74.1% yield increase compared to controls in leaves and flowers, respectively). T0 transgenic plants were grown for two years, self-pollinated and the T1 seeds obtained. The inheritance of the DXS transgene was studied in the T1 generation. The increased essential oil phenotype observed in the transgenic T0 plants was maintained in the progeny that inherited the DXS transgene. Total chlorophyll and carotenoid content in DXS progenies that inherited the transgene depended on the analyzed plant, showing either no variation or a significant decrease respect to their counterparts without the transgene. Transgenic plants had a visual phenotype similar to untransformed plants (controls) in terms of morphology, growth habit, flowering and seed germination. Our results demonstrate that the MEP pathway contributes to the essential oil production in spike lavender. They also demonstrate that DXS enzyme plays a crucial role in monoterpene precursors biosynthesis and thus, in essential oil production in spike lavender. In addition, our results provide a strategy to increase the essential oil production in spike lavender by metabolic engineering of the MEP pathway without apparent detrimental effects on plant development and fitness.




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