Plant Physiology Preview
Published on September 29, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.086736
Received July 14, 2006
Accepted September 14, 2006
The FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 Gene Encoding a Putative Ortholog of Arabidopsis CLAVATA3 Regulates Apical Meristem Size in Rice
Huangwei Chu , Qian Qian , Wanqi Liang , Changsong Yin , Hexin Tan , Xuan Yao , Zheng Yuan , Jun Yang , Hai Huang , Da Luo , Hong Ma , and Dabing Zhang *
SJTU-SIBS-PSU Joint Center for Life Sciences, Key laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
SJTU-SIBS-PSU Joint Center for Life Sciences, Key laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
SJTU-SIBS-PSU Joint Center for Life Sciences, Key laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Biology, the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
* Corresponding author; email: zhangdb{at}sjtu.edu.cn.
To understand the molecular mechanism regulating the meristem development in the monocot Oryza sativa (rice), we describe here the isolation and characterization of three floral organ number 4 (fon4) alleles and the cloning of the FON4 gene. The fon4 mutants showed abnormal enlargement of the embryonic and vegetative shoot apical meristems (SAMs), and the inflorescence and floral meristems. Likely due to the enlarged SAMs, fon4 mutants produced thick culms (stems), and increased numbers of both primary rachis branches and floral organs. We identified FON4 using map-based cloning approach and found it encodes a small putatively secreted protein, which is the putative ortholog of the Arabidopsis CLAVATA3 (CLV3) gene. FON4 transcripts mainly accumulated in the small group of cells at the apex of the SAMs, whereas the rice ortholog of CLV1 (FON1) is expressed throughout the SAMs, suggesting that the putative FON4 ligand might be sequestered as a possible mechanism for rice meristem regulation. Exogenous application of the peptides FON4p and CLV3p corresponding to the FON4 and CLV3 CLE motifs, respectively, resulted in the termination of shoot apical meristem in rice, and treatment with CLV3p caused the consumption of both rice and Arabidopsis root meristems, suggesting that the CLAVATA-pathway in limiting meristem size is conserved in both rice and Arabidopsis. However, exogenous FON4p did not have an obvious effect on limiting both rice and Arabidopsis root meristem, suggesting that the CLE motifs of Arabidopsis CLV3 and FON4 are potentially functionally divergent.
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