Plant Physiology Preview
Published on September 15, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.087676
Received July 31, 2006
Accepted September 4, 2006
Branching Genes Are Conserved Across Species. Genes Controlling a Novel Signal in Pea Are Co-regulated by Other Long-distance Signals
Xenie Johnson , Tanya Brcich , Elizabeth Dun , Magali Goussot , Karine Haurogné , Christine A. Beveridge , and Catherine Rameau *
Station de Génétique et d'Amélioration des Plantes, Institut J.P. Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 78026, Versailles, France
ARC Centre of Excellence for Integrative Legume Research and School of Integrative Biology, The University of Queensland John Hines Building, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
* Corresponding author; email: rameau{at}versailles.inra.fr.
Physiological and genetic studies with the ramosus (rms) mutants in garden pea (Pisum sativum) and more axillary shoots (max) mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana have shown that shoot branching is regulated by a network of long-distance signals. Orthologous genes RMS1 and MAX4 control the synthesis of a novel graft-transmissible branching signal that may be a carotenoid derivative and which acts as a branching inhibitor. In this study we demonstrate further conservation of the branching control system by showing that MAX2 and MAX3 are orthologous to RMS4 and RMS5 respectively. This is consistent with the long-standing hypothesis that branching in pea is regulated by a novel long-distance signal produced by RMS1 and RMS5 and that RMS4 is implicated in the response to this signal. We examine RMS5 expression and show that it is more highly expressed relative to RMS1 but under similar transcriptional regulation as RMS1. Further expression studies support the hypothesis that RMS4 functions in shoot and rootstock and participates in the feedback regulation of RMS1 and RMS5 expression. This feedback involves a second novel long-distance signal which is lacking in rms2 mutants. RMS1 and RMS5 are also independently regulated by indole-3-acetic acid. RMS1 rather than RMS5 appears to be a key regulator of the branching inhibitor. This study presents new interactions between RMS genes and provides further evidence towards the ongoing elucidation for a model of axillary bud outgrowth in pea.
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