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Published on November 3, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.088393

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Received August 16, 2006
Accepted October 31, 2006

Knockout of the AtCESA2 Gene Affects Microtubule Orientation and Causes Abnormal Cell Expansion in Arabidopsis

Zhaoqing Chu , Hao Chen , Yiyue Zhang , Zhonghui Zhang , Nouyan Zheng , Bojiao Yin , Hongyan Yan , Lei Zhu , Xiangyu Zhao , Ming Yuan , Xiansheng Zhang , and Qi Xie *

Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604
State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China; Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China
State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry; Department of Plant Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong, China, 271018

* Corresponding author; email: qxie{at}genetics.ac.cn.

Complete cellulose synthesis is required to form functional cell walls and to facilitate proper cell expansion during plant growth. AtCESA2 is a member of the cellulose synthase A family in Arabidopsis thaliana that participates in cell wall formation. By analysis of transgenic seedlings, we demonstrated that AtCESA2 was expressed in all organs except root hairs. The atcesa2 mutant was devoid of AtCESA2 expression, leading to the stunted growth of hypocotyls in seedlings and greatly reduced seed production in mature plants. These observations were attributed to alterations in cell size as a result of reduced cellulose synthesis in the mutant. The orientation of microtubules was also altered in atcesa2 mutant, which was clearly observed in hypocotyls and petioles. Complementary expression of AtCESA2 in atcesa2 could rescue the mutant phenotypes. Together, we conclude that the disruption of cellulose synthesis resulting in altered orientation of microtubules and eventually leading to abnormal plant growth. We also demonstrated that the zinc finger-like domain of AtCESA2 could homodimerize, possibly contributing to rosette assemblies of cellulose synthase A within plasma membranes.




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