Plant Physiology Preview Published on October 13, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.088682
Received August 23, 2006
Accepted October 10, 2006
A Eukaryotic Factor Required for Accumulation of the Chloroplast NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase Complex in Arabidopsis
Ryohei Muraoka , Kenji Okuda , Yoshichika Kobayashi , and Toshiharu Shikanai *
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashiku, Fukuoka, Japan 812-8581
* Corresponding author; email: shikanai{at}agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
The NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NDH) complex in chloroplasts mediates photosystem I cyclic and chlororespiratory electron transport. Eleven chloroplast genes and three nuclear genes have been identified as encoding the Ndh subunits, but the entire subunit composition is still unknown. An Arabidopsis thaliana crr3 (chlororespiratory reduction) mutant was isolated based on its lack of transient increase in chlorophyll fluorescence after actinic light illumination; this was due to a specific defect in accumulation of the NDH complex. The CRR3 gene (At2g01590) encodes a novel protein containing a putative plastid targeting signal and a transmembrane domain. Consistent with the gene structure, CRR3 localized to the membrane fraction of chloroplasts. In addition to the essential function of CRR3 in stabilizing the NDH complex, the NDH complex is also required for the accumulation of CRR3. These results suggest that CRR3 interacts with the NDH complex in the thylakoid membrane. In contrast to other subunits in the chloroplast NDH complex, CRR3 is not conserved in cyanobacteria, from which the chloroplast NDH complex is believed to have originated. We propose that CRR3 is a subunit of the NDH complex, which is specific to the chloroplast.
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