Plant Physiology Preview Published on October 13, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.089169
Received August 31, 2006
Accepted October 2, 2006
Plantago major, a Collection of Expressed Sequence Tags from Vascular Tissue and a Simple and Efficient Transformation Method
Benjamin Pommerrenig , Inga Barth , Matthias Niedermeier , Sina Kopp , Jürg Schmid , Rex A. Dwyer , Racella J. McNair , Franz Klebl , and Norbert Sauer *
Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstraße 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
Syngenta Biotechnology, Inc., 3054 Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
* Corresponding author; email: nsauer{at}biologie.uni-erlangen.de.
The vascular tissue of higher plants consists of specialized cells that differ from all other cells with respect to their shape and size, their organellar composition, their extracellular matrix, the type of their plasmodesmata, and their physiological functions. Intact and pure vascular tissue can be isolated easily and rapidly from leaf blades of Plantago major L. (common plantain), a plant that has been used repeatedly for molecular studies of phloem transport. Here we present a transcriptome analysis based on 5,900 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and 3,247 independent mRNAs from the Plantago vasculature. The vascular-specificity of these ESTs was confirmed by the identification of well-known phloem or xylem marker genes. Moreover, RT-PCR, macroarray and Northern analyses revealed genes and metabolic pathways that had previously not been described to be vascular-specific. Moreover, Plantago major transformation was established and used to confirm the vascular specificity of a Plantago promoter/ -glucuronidase (GUS) construct in transgenic Plantago plants. Eventually, the applicability and usefulness of the obtained data was demonstrated also for other plant species. Reporter gene constructs generated with promoters from Arabidopsis homologs of newly identified Plantago vascular ESTs revealed vascular specificity of these genes also in Arabidopsis. The presented vascular ESTs and the newly developed transformation system represent an important tool for future studies of functional genomics in the Plantago major vasculature.
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