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Published on December 8, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.089334

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Received September 1, 2006
Accepted November 27, 2006

The Localization of Mechanisms Involved in Hydropassive and -Active Stomatal Responses of Sambucus nigra L. to Dry Air

Hartmut Kaiser * and Nicole Legner

Botanisches Institut der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40-60, D-24098 Kiel, Germany

* Corresponding author; email: hkaiser{at}bot.uni-kiel.de.

The response of stomata to a reduction of air humidity is comprised of a hydropassive opening followed by active closure. Whereas the mechanisms behind the hydropassive opening are largely understood, the location and physiological basis of the sensing mechanisms leading to active closure are not yet known. This study attempts to evaluate the importance of a single pore‘s transpiration on its own response and that of adjacent pores. Selected stomata on attached intact leaves of Sambucus nigra L. were sealed with mineral oil, and the response to a reduction of humidity was continuously observed in-situ. This blocking of a pore’s transpiration had no appreciable effect on hydropassive opening and subsequent stomatal closure. If the adjacent stomata were additionally sealed, this reduced the closing response but not the hydropassive opening. On he other hand, sealing of the entire leaf surface except a small area including the observed stomata also reduced stomatal closure. These results indicate that strictly local processes triggered by a pore‘s own transpiration are not required to induce stomatal closure. In order to describe the effect of one pore’s transpiration on the hydropassive and -active responses of neighboring stomata, a simple spatial model was constructed. It suggests that 90% of the closing effect covers an area of c. 0.5 mm2, whereas the effect on hydropassive opening affects an area of c. 1 mm2. This divergence may suggest mechanisms others than or additional to those involving changes of local leaf water potential.




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