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Published on January 5, 2007; 10.1104/pp.106.091462

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Received October 18, 2006
Accepted December 26, 2006

Characterization of a Selenate-resistant Arabidopsis Mutant. Root Growth as a Potential Target for Selenate Toxicity

Elie El Kassis , Nicole Cathala , Hatem Rouached , Pierre Fourcroy , Pierre Berthomieu , Norman Terry , and Jean-Claude Davidian *

Laboratoire de Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Montpellier II, 2 place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France; Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, 111 Koshland Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102, USA

* Corresponding author; email: davidian{at}supagro.inra.fr.

Screening an Arabidopsis T-DNA mutant library for selenate resistance enabled us to isolate a selenate-resistant mutant line (sel1-11). Molecular and genetic characterization showed that the mutant contained a lesion in the SULTR1;2 gene that encodes a high affinity root sulfate transporter. We showed that SULTR1;2 is the only gene among thirteen mutated genes of the Arabidopsis sulfate transporter family whose mutation conferred selenate resistance to Arabidopsis. The selenate resistance phenotype of the sel1-11 mutant was mirrored by an 8-fold-increase of root growth in the presence of selenate as shown by the calculated lethal concentration (LC50) values. The impairment of SULTR1;2 activity in sel1-11 resulted in a reduced 35S-sulfate uptake capacity by both roots and calli, and a reduced sulfate and selenate content in root, shoot and calli. Comparing sulfate / selenate ratios instead of absolute sulfate and selenate contents in roots and shoots enabled us to gain better insight into the mechanism of selenate toxicity in Arabidopsis. Roots of the sel1-11 mutant line showed a higher sulfate / selenate ratio than that of wild-type roots, while there were no significant differences in sulfate / selenate ratios in shoots of wild-type and mutant lines. These results indicated that the mechanism that confers the selenate resistance phenotype to the sel1-11 line takes place rather in the roots. It might be in part the result of a lower selenate uptake and of a protective effect of sulfate against the toxic effects of selenate on root growth. These results revealed in plant a central and specific role of the transporter SULTR1;2 in selenate sensitivity, they further suggested that root growth and potentially the root tip activity might be a specific target of selenate toxicity in Arabidopsis.




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H. Rouached, M. Wirtz, R. Alary, R. Hell, A. B. Arpat, J.-C. Davidian, P. Fourcroy, and P. Berthomieu
Differential Regulation of the Expression of Two High-Affinity Sulfate Transporters, SULTR1.1 and SULTR1.2, in Arabidopsis
Plant Physiology, June 1, 2008; 147(2): 897 - 911.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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