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Published on November 17, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.091496


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Received October 18, 2006
Accepted November 10, 2006

Insights into the Role of Specific Lipids in the Formation and Delivery of Lipid Microdomains to the Plasma Membrane of Plant Cells

Maryse Laloi , Anne-Marie Perret , Laurent Chatre , Su Melser , Catherine Cantrel , Marie-Noëlle Vaultier , Alain Zachowski , Katell Bathany , Jean-Marie Schmitter , Myriam Vallet , René Lessire , Marie-Andrée Hartmann , and Patrick Moreau *

Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200-CNRS-Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, 146, rue Léo Saignat, BP 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, FRE CNRS 2846, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, site "le Raphaël", 3 rue Galilée, 94200 Ivry-sur-Seine, France
Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33600 Pessac, France
Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR-CNRS 2357, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France

* Corresponding author; email: pmoreau{at}biomemb.u-bordeaux2.fr.

The existence of sphingolipid- and sterol-enriched microdomains, known as lipid rafts, in the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells is well documented. In order to obtain more insights into the lipid molecular species required for the formation of microdomains in plants, we have isolated detergent(Triton X-100)-resistant membranes (DRMs) from the plasma membrane (PM) of Arabidopsis thaliana and Allium porrum seedlings as well as from Arabidopsis thaliana cell cultures. Here we show that all DRM preparations are enriched in sterols, sterylglucosides and glucosylceramides, and depleted in glycerophospholipids. The glucosylceramides of DRMs from A. porrum seedlings contain hydroxypalmitic acid. We investigated the role of sterols in DRM formation along the secretory pathway in A. porrum seedlings. We present evidence for the presence of DRMs in both the PM and the Golgi apparatus, but not in the endoplasmic reticulum. In leek seedlings treated with fenpropimorph, a sterol biosynthesis inhibitor, the usual {Delta}5-sterols are replaced by 9{beta},19-cyclopropylsterols. In these plants, sterols and hydroxypalmitic acid-containing glucosylceramides do not reach the PM, and most DRMs are recovered from the Golgi apparatus, indicating that {Delta}5-sterols and glucosylceramides play a crucial role in lipid microdomain formation and delivery to the PM. In addition, DRM formation in A. thaliana cells is shown to depend on the unsaturation degree of fatty acyl chains as attested by the dramatic decrease in the amount of DRMs prepared from the Arabidopsis mutants, fad2 and Fad3+, affected in their fatty acid desaturases.




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