Plant Physiology Preview
Published on February 2, 2007; 10.1104/pp.106.091686
OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE
Received October 22, 2006
Accepted January 20, 2007
GSNO Reductase Affords Protection Against Pathogens in Arabidopsis, Both Locally and Systemically
Christine Rustérucci , M. Carme Espunya , Maykelis Díaz , Matthieu Chabannes , and M. Carmen Martínez *
Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.; Laboratoire de Génomique Fonctionnelle des Plantes, Université Jules Verne-Picardie Sciences, 33 rue St Leu 80039 Amiens cedex, France.; Department of Disease and Stress Biology, John Innes Centre, Colney lane, NR4 7UH Norwich United Kingdom.; Present address: EEPF "Indio Hatuey", Universidad de Matanzas, Cuba.
* Corresponding author; email: carmen.martinez{at}uab.es.
NO and S-nitrosothiols (SNOs) are widespread signaling molecules that regulate immunity in animals and plants. Levels of SNOs in vivo are controlled by NO synthesis (which in plants is achieved by different routes) and by S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) turnover, which is mainly performed by the GSNO reductase. GSNO reductase (GSNOR) is encoded by a single-copy gene in Arabidopsis thaliana (Martínez et al., 1996; Sakamoto et al., 2002). We report here that transgenic plants with decreased amounts of GSNOR (using antisense strategy) show enhanced basal resistance against Perosnopora parasitica Noco2 (oomycete), which correlates with higher levels of intracellular SNOs and constitutive activation of the pathogenesis-related gene, PR-1. Moreover, systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is impaired in plants overexpressing GSNOR and enhanced in the antisense plants, and this correlates with changes in the SNO content both in local and systemic leaves. We also show that GSNOR is localized in the phloem and, thus, could regulate SAR signal transport through the vascular system. Our data corroborate the data from other authors that GSNOR controls SNO in vivo levels, and show that SNO content positively influence plant basal resistance and R-gene mediated resistance as well. These data highlight GSNOR as an important and widely utilized component of resistance protein signaling networks conserved in animals and plants.
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