Plant Physiology Preview Published on December 1, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.092270
Received October 30, 2006
Accepted November 22, 2006
SEF, A New Protein Required for Flowering Repression in Arabidopsis, Interacts With PIE1 And ARP6
R. March-Díaz , M. García-Domínguez , F.J. Florencio , and J.C. Reyes *
Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis. CSIC-USE. Américo Vespucio 49, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis. CSIC-USE. Américo Vespucio 49, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain; Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa. Américo Vespucio s/n, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
* Corresponding author; email: jose.reyes{at}cabimer.es.
The SWR1/SRCAP complex is a chromatin remodeling complex that has been shown to be involved in substitution of histone H2A by the histone variant H2A.Z in yeast and animals. Here we identify and characterize SERRATED LEAVES AND EARLY FLOWERING (SEF), an Arabidopsis homolog of the yeast SWC6 protein, a conserved subunit of the SWR1/SRCAP complex. SEF loss-of-function mutants present a pleiotropic phenotype characterized by serrated leaves, frequent absence of inflorescence internodes, bushy aspect, and flowers with altered number and size of organs. sef plants flower earlier than wild-type plants both under inductive and non-inductive photoperiods. This correlates with strong reduction of FLOWERING LOCUS C and MADS-AFFECTING FLOWERING4 transcript levels and upregulation of the FT and SOC1 gene expression. The sef phenotype is similar to that of the photoperiod independent early flowering1 (pie1) and the actin related protein 6 (arp6) mutants. PIE1 and ARP6 proteins are also homologs of SWR1/SRCAP complex subunits. Analysis of sef pie1 double mutants demonstrates genetic interaction between these two genes. We also show physical interactions between SEF, ARP6 and PIE1 proteins. Taken together, our data indicate that SEF, ARP6 and PIE1 might form a molecular complex in Arabidopsis related to the SWR1/SRCAP complex identified in other eukaryotes.
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