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Published on May 11, 2007; 10.1104/pp.106.092288

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Received October 31, 2006
Accepted April 29, 2007

HAWAIIAN SKIRT: An F-box Gene that Regulates Organ Fusion and Growth in Arabidopsis

Zinnia H. González-Carranza , Unchalee Rompa , Janny L. Peters , Anuj M. Bhatt , Carol Wagstaff , Anthony D. Stead , and Jeremy A. Roberts *

Plant Sciences Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK. LE12 5RD; Section Plant Genetics, Institute for Wetland and Water Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK. OX1 3RB; School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton, UK. S016 7PX; School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK. TW20 0EX

* Corresponding author; email: jeremy.roberts{at}nottingham.ac.uk.

A fast neutron-mutagenised population of Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 WT plants was screened for floral phenotypes and a novel mutant, termed hawaiian skirt (hws), was identified that failed to shed its reproductive organs. The mutation is the consequence of a 28bp deletion that introduces a premature amber termination codon into the ORF of a putative F-box protein (At3g61590). The most striking anatomical characteristic of hws plants is seen in flowers where individual sepals are fused along the lower part of their margins. Crossing of the abscission marker, ProPGAZAT:GUS into the mutant reveals that whilst floral organs are retained it is not the consequence of a failure of abscission zone cells to differentiate. Anatomical analysis indicates that the fusion of sepal margins precludes shedding even though abscission, albeit delayed, does occur. Spatial and temporal characterisation, using ProHWS:GUS or ProHWS:GFP fusions, has identified HWS expression to be restricted to the stele and lateral root cap, cotyledonary margins, tip of the stigma, pollen, abscission zones, and developing seeds. Comparative phenotypic analyses performed on the hws mutant, Col-0 WT, and Pro35S:HWS ectopically expressing lines has revealed that loss of HWS results in greater growth of both aerial and below-ground organs whilst over-expressing the gene brings about a converse effect. These observations are consistent with HWS playing an important role in regulating plant growth and development.




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