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Published on December 8, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.092627

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Received November 4, 2006
Accepted November 28, 2006

Vitamin B1-induced Priming Is Dependent on Hydrogen Peroxide and NPR1 Gene in Arabidopsis

Il-Pyung Ahn *, Soonok Kim , Yong-Hwan Lee , and Seok-Cheol Suh

National Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Suwon 441-100, Korea
School of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea

* Corresponding author; email: jinhyung{at}rda.go.kr.

Thiamine confers systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to susceptible plants through priming, leading to a rapid counterattack against pathogen invasion and perturbation of disease progress. Priming reduces metabolic cost required for constitutive expression of acquired resistance. To investigate the effects of priming by thiamine on the defense-related responses, Arabidopsis were treated with thiamine and effects of pathogen challenge on the production of active oxygen species, callose deposition, hypersensitive cell death, and pathogenesis-related (PR)1 /phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL)1 gene expression were analyzed. Thiamine did not induce cellular and molecular defense responses except transient expression of PR1 per se, however, subsequent Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato challenge triggered pronounced cellular defense responses and advanced activation of PR1/PAL1 gene transcription. Thiamine treatment and following pathogen invasion triggered hydrogen peroxide accumulation, callose induction, and PR1/PAL1 transcription activation in Arabidopsis mutants insensitive to jasmonic acid (jar1) or ethylene (etr1) but not in plant expressing bacterial NahG, lacking regulation of SAR (npr1), and abscisic acid-insensitive mutant (abi3-3). Moreover, removal of hydrogen peroxide by catalase almost completely nullified cellular and molecular defense responses as well as SAR abolishing bacterial propagation within plants. From our results, it was drawn that priming is an important cellular mechanism in SAR by thiamine and requires hydrogen peroxide and intact NPR1.




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