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Published on November 22, 2006; 10.1104/pp.106.092759

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Received November 7, 2006
Accepted November 15, 2006

Circadian Rhythms of Isoprene Biosynthesis in Grey Poplar Leaves

Maaria Loivamäki , Sandrine Louis *, Gyöngyi Cinege , Ina Zimmer , Robert J. Fischbach , and Jörg-Peter Schnitzler

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung, Atmosphärische Umweltforschung (IMK-IFU), Kreuzeckbahnstr. 19, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany

* Corresponding author; email: sandrine.louis{at}imk.fzk.de.

Isoprene emission varies diurnally in different species. In poplar, it has been recently shown that the gene encoding the synthesizing enzyme for isoprene, isoprene synthase (ISPS), displays diurnal variations in its expression. Working on shoot cultures of Grey poplar (Populus x canescens) placed under different light regime in phytochambers we showed that these variations in PcISPS gene expression, measured by quantitative real-time PCR, are not only due to day/night changes but also linked to an internal circadian clock. Measurement of additional selected isoprenoid genes revealed that phytoene synthase (PcPSY; carotenoids pathway) displays similar fluctuations whereas 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (PcDXR), the possible first committed enzyme of the DOXP (1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate)-pathway does only show a light regulation. On the protein level it appeared that PcISPS activity and protein content became reduced under constant darkness while under constant light, activity and protein content of this enzyme were kept high. In contrast, isoprene emission rates under continuous irradiation displayed circadian changes as is the case for the gene expression of PcISPS. Furthermore, binding assays with AtLHY (Arabidopsis thaliana late elongated hypocotyl), a transcription factor of Arabidopsis involved in circadian regulation, clearly revealed the presence of circadian-determining regulatory elements in the promoter region of PcISPS.




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