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Plant Physiology Preview Published on April 20, 2007; 10.1104/pp.107.096958
OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE
Received February 7, 2007 Phosphorus Stress in Common Bean: Root Transcript and Metabolic Responses
Centro de Ciencias Genómicas-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 565-A, Cuernavaca, Mor. México; Agronomy and Plant Genetics and Plant Pathology University of Minnesota, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN, 55108; United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Plant Science Research Unit, St. Paul, MN, 55108; USDA-ARS, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Ames, IA; Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Golm, Germany; The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, MD; and Samuel Robert Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK * Corresponding author; email: gina{at}ccg.unam.mx.
Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for plant growth. Crop production of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), the most important legume for human consumption, is often limited by low P in the soil. Functional genomics were used to investigate global gene expression and metabolic responses of bean plants grown under P-deficient and P-sufficient conditions. P-deficient plants showed enhanced root/shoot ratio accompanied by reduced leaf area and net photosynthesis rates. Transcript profiling was performed through hybridization of nylon filter arrays spotted with cDNAs of 2,212 unigenes from a P-deficiency root cDNA library. A total of 126 genes, representing different functional categories, showed significant differential expression in response to P: 62% of these were induced in P-deficient roots. A set of 372 bean transcription factor (TF) genes, coding for proteins with InterPro domains characteristic or diagnostic for TF, were identified from The Institute of Genomic Research/Dana Farber Cancer Institute Common Bean Gene Index. Using real-time RT-PCR analysis, 17 TF genes were differentially expressed in P-deficient roots; 4 TF genes, including MYB TFs, were induced. Non-biased metabolite profiling was used to assess the degree to which changes in gene expression in P-deficient roots affect overall metabolism. Stress related metabolites such as polyols accumulated in P-deficient roots as well as sugars, which are known to be essential for P stress gene induction. Candidate genes have been identified that may contribute to root adaptation to P-deficiency and be useful for improvement of common bean.
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