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Published on March 23, 2007; 10.1104/pp.107.098723

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Received March 2, 2007
Accepted March 13, 2007

Combined Transcriptome and Proteome Analysis Identifies Pathways and Markers Associated with the Establishment of Brassica napus Microspore-derived Embryo development

Ronny Joosen , Jan Cordewener , Ence Darmo Jaya Supena , Oscar Vorst , Michiel Lammers , Chris Maliepaard , Tieme Zeilmaker , Brian Miki , Twan America , Jan Custers , and Kim Boutilier *

Business Units Bioscience; Biometry; Plant Research International, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Research Center for Biotechnology, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), P.O. Box 1, Bogor 16610, Indonesia; Eastern Cereal and Oilseeds Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Canada K1A 0C6

* Corresponding author; email: kim.boutilier{at}wur.nl.

Microspore-derived embryo (MDE) cultures are used as a model system to study plant cell totipotency and as an in vitro system to study embryo development. We characterized and compared the transcriptome and proteome of Brassica napus MDEs from the few-celled stage to the globular-heart stage using two MDE culture systems: conventional cultures in which MDEs initially develop as unorganized clusters that usually lack a suspensor, and a novel suspensor-bearing embryo culture system in which the embryo proper originates from the distal cell of a suspensor-like structure and undergoes the same ordered cell divisions as the zygotic embryo. The improved histodifferentiation of the suspensor-bearing MDEs suggests a new role for the suspensor in driving embryo cell identity and patterning. An MDE culture cDNA array and 2-D gel electrophoresis and protein sequencing were used to compile global and specific expression profiles for the two types of MDE cultures. Analysis of the identities of 220 candidate embryo markers, as well as the identities of 32 sequenced embryo-upregulated protein spots, indicate general roles for protein synthesis, glycolysis and ascorbate metabolism in the establishment of MDE development. A collection of 135 robust markers for the transition to MDE development was identified, a number of which may be coregulated at the gene and protein expression level. Comparison of the expression profiles of preglobular stage conventional and suspensor-bearing MDEs identified genes whose differential expression may reflect the improved histodifferentiation of suspensor-bearing embryos. This collection of early embryo-expressed genes and proteins serves as a starting point for future marker development and gene function studies aimed at understanding the molecular regulation of cell totipotency and early embryo development in plants.




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