Plant Physiology Preview
Published on September 28, 2007; 10.1104/pp.107.103325
OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE
Received June 4, 2007
Accepted September 26, 2007
Hydrogen Peroxide Generation by the Pepper Extracellular Peroxidase CaPO2 Activates Local and Systemic Cell Death and Defense Response to Bacterial Pathogens
Hyong Woo Choi , Young Jin Kim , Sung Chul Lee , Jeum Kyu Hong , and Byung Kook Hwang *
College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
* Corresponding author; email: bkhwang{at}korea.ac.kr.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are responsible for mediating cellular defense responses in plants. Controversy has existed over the origin of ROS in plant defense. We have isolated a novel extracellular peroxidase gene, CaPO2, from pepper (Capsicum annuum). Local or systemic expression of CaPO2 is induced in pepper by avirulent Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv) infection. We examined the function of the CaPO2 gene in plant defense using the virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) technique and gain-of-function transgenic plants. CaPO2-silenced pepper plants were highly susceptible to Xcv infection. VIGS of the CaPO2 gene also compromised H2O2 accumulation and hypersensitive cell death in leaves, both locally and systemically, during avirulent Xcv infection. In contrast, overexpression of CaPO2 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) conferred enhanced disease resistance accompanied by cell death, H2O2 accumulation and PR gene induction. In CaPO2-overexpression (OX) Arabidopsis leaves infected by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, H2O2 generation was sensitive to potassium cyanide (a peroxidase inhibitor) but insensitive to diphenylene iodonium (an NADPH oxidase inhibitor), suggesting that H2O2 generation depends on peroxidase in Arabidopsis. Together, these results indicate that the CaPO2 peroxidase is involved in ROS generation, both locally and systemically, to activate cell death and PR gene induction during the defense response to pathogen invasion.
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