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Published on September 20, 2007; 10.1104/pp.107.104935

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Received July 3, 2007
Accepted September 10, 2007

yucca6, a Dominant Mutation in Arabidopsis, Affects Auxin Accumulation and Auxin-related Phenotypes

Jeong Im Kim , Altanbadralt Sharkhuu , Jing Bo Jin , Pinghua Li , Jae Cheol Jeong , Dongwon Baek , Sang Yeol Lee , Joshua J. Blakeslee , Angus S. Murphy , Hans J. Bohnert , Paul M. Hasegawa , Dae-Jin Yun , and Ray A. Bressan *

Center for Environmental Stress Physiology, Department of Horticulture and landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906-2010, Environmental Biotechnology National Core Research Center and Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program), Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea, Department of Plant Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1201 W. Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801 USA

* Corresponding author; email: bressan{at}hort.purdue.edu.

Auxin plays critical roles in many aspects of plant growth and development. Although a number of auxin biosynthetic pathways have been identified, their overlapping nature has prevented a clear elucidation of auxin biosynthesis. Recently, Arabidopsis mutants with supernormal auxin phenotypes have been reported. These mutants exhibit hyperactivation of genes belonging to the YUCCA family, encoding putative flavin monooxygenase enzymes that result in increased endogenous auxin levels. Here we report the discovery of fertile dominant Arabidopsis thaliana hyt1-1D and hyt1-2D (yucca6-1D, -2D) mutants that exhibit typical auxin overproduction phenotypic alterations such as epinastic cotyledons, increased apical dominance and curled leaves. However, unlike other auxin overproduction mutants, yucca6 plants do not display short or hairy root phenotypes and lack morphological changes under dark conditions. In addition, yucca6-1D and yucca6-2D have extremely tall (over 1 meter) inflorescences with extreme apical dominance and twisted cauline leaves. Microarray analyses revealed that expression of several IAA-inducible genes, including Aux/IAA, SAUR, and GH3 is several-fold higher in yucca6 mutants than in wild type. Tryptophan (Trp) analogue feeding experiments and catalytic activity assays with recombinant YUCCA6 indicate that YUCCA6 is involved in a Trp-dependent auxin biosynthesis pathway. YUCCA6:GFP fusion protein indicates YUCCA6 protein exhibits a non-plastidial subcellular localization in an unidentified intracellular compartment. Taken together, our results identify YUCCA6 as a functional member of the YUCCA family with unique roles in growth and development.




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