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Published on November 16, 2007; 10.1104/pp.107.106468

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Received August 7, 2007
Accepted October 31, 2007

PKS1 regulates root phototropism and gravitropism

Hernan E. Boccalandro , Silvia N. De Simone , Ariane Bergmann-Honsberger , Isabelle Schepens , Christian Fankhauser , and Jorge J. Casal *

IFEVA, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires, and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Av. San Martin 4453, 1417-Buenos Aires, Argentina; Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland

* Corresponding author; email: casal{at}ifeva.edu.ar.

Light promotes the expression of PHYTOCHROME KINASE SUBSTRATE 1 (PKS1) in the root of Arabidopsis thaliana but the function of PKS1 in this organ is unknown. Unilateral blue light induced a negative root phototropic response mediated by phototropin 1 (phot1) in wild-type (WT) seedlings. This response was absent in pks1 mutants. In the WT, unilateral blue light enhanced PKS1 expression in the sub-apical region of the root several hours before bending was detectable. The negative phototropism and the enhanced PKS1 expression in response to blue light required phytochrome A (phyA). In addition, the pks1 mutation enhanced the root gravitropic response when vertically-oriented seedlings were placed horizontally. The negative regulation of gravitropism by PKS1 occurred even in dark-grown seedlings and did not require phyA. Blue light also failed to induce negative phototropism in pks1 under reduced gravitational stimulation, indicating that the effect of pks1 on phototropism is not simply the consequence of the counteracting effect of enhanced gravitropism. We propose a model where the background level of PKS reduces gravitropism. After a phyA-dependent increase in its expression, PKS1 positively affects root phototropism and both effects contribute to negative curvature in response to unilateral blue light.




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I. Schepens, H. E. Boccalandro, C. Kami, J. J. Casal, and C. Fankhauser
PHYTOCHROME KINASE SUBSTRATE4 Modulates Phytochrome-Mediated Control of Hypocotyl Growth Orientation
Plant Physiology, June 1, 2008; 147(2): 661 - 671.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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