Plant Physiology Preview
Published on November 2, 2007; 10.1104/pp.107.107441
OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE
Received August 15, 2007
Accepted October 19, 2007
Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase/phosphatase regulates cell shape and plant architecture in Arabidopsis
S. Narasimha Chary , Glenn R. Hicks , Yoon Gi Choi , David Carter , and Natasha V. Raikhel *
Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521; Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521
* Corresponding author; email: nraikhel{at}ucr.edu.
The vacuole occupies most of the volume of plant cells; thus the tonoplast marker  TIP-GFP delineates cell shape, for example, in epidermis. This permits rapid identification of mutants. Using this strategy, we identified the cell shape phenotype 1 (csp-1) mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana. Beyond an absence of lobes in pavement cells, phenotypes included reduced trichome branching, altered leaf serrations and stem branching, and increased stomatal density. This result from a point mutation in AtTPS6 encoding a conserved amino-terminal domain thought to catalyze trehalose-6-phosphate synthesis and a carboxy-terminal phosphatase domain is catalyzing a two-step conversion to trehalose. Expression of AtTPS6 in the yeast mutants tps1 (encoding a synthase domain) and tps2 (synthase and phosphatase domains) indicates that AtTPS6 is an active trehalose synthase. AtTPS6 fully complemented defects in csp-1. Mutations in Class I genes (AtTPS1-4) indicate a role in regulating starch storage, resistance to drought and inflorescence architecture. Class II genes (AtTPS5 - AtTPS11) encode multi-functional enzymes having synthase and phosphatase activites. We show that Class II AtATPS6 regulates plant architecture, the shape of epidermal pavement cells and the branching of trichomes. Thus, beyond a role in development, we demonstrate that the Class II gene AtTPS6 is important for controlling cellular morphogenesis.
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