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Published on October 19, 2007; 10.1104/pp.107.107912


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Received August 22, 2007
Accepted October 15, 2007

Mutation in nicotianamine aminotransferease stimulated the Fe(II) acquisition system and led to iron accumulation in rice

Longjun Cheng , Fang Wang , Fangliang Huang , Luqing Zheng , Fei He , Jinhui Li , Fang-Jie Zhao , Daisei Ueno , Jian Feng Ma , Huixia Shou , and Ping Wu *

The State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Zi Jin Gang campus, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom; Research Institute for Bioresources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan

* Corresponding author; email: clspwu{at}zju.edu.cn.

Higher plants acquire iron (Fe) from the rhizosphere through two strategies. Strategy II, employed by graminaceous plants, involves secretion of phytosiderophores (e.g. deoxymugineic acid in rice) by roots to solubilize Fe(III) in soil. In addition to taking up iron in the form of Fe(III)-phytosiderophore, rice also possesses the Strategy I-like system that may absorb Fe (II) directly. Through mutant screening, we isolated a rice mutant that could not grow with Fe(III)-citrate as the sole iron source, but was able to grow when Fe(II)-EDTA was supplied. Surprisingly, the mutant accumulated more iron and other divalent metals in roots and shoots than the wild-type, when both were supplied with EDTA-Fe(II) or grown under waterlogged field conditions. Furthermore, the mutant had a significantly higher concentration of iron in both unpolished and polished grains than the wild-type. Using map-based cloning method, we identified a point mutation in a gene encoding nicotianamine aminotransferease, NAAT1, which was responsible for the mutant phenotype. Because of the loss of function of NAAT1, the mutant failed to produce deoxymugineic acid and could not absorb Fe(III) efficiently. In contrast, nicotianamine (NA), the substrate for NAAT1, accumulated markedly in roots and shoots of the mutant. Microarray analysis showed that the expression of a number of the genes involved in Fe(II) acquisition was greatly stimulated in the naat1 mutant. Our results demonstrate that disruption of deoxymugineic acid biosynthesis can stimulate Fe(II) acquisition and increase iron accumulation in rice.




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