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Plant Physiology Preview Published on November 30, 2007; 10.1104/pp.107.108548
Received August 31, 2007 Characterization of the PHO1 gene family and the responses to phosphate deficiency of Physcomitrella patens
Departement de Biologie Moleculaire Vegetale, Biophore, Universite de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland * Corresponding author; email: yves.poirier{at}unil.ch.
PHO1 was previously identified in Arabidopsis thaliana as a protein involved in loading inorganic phosphate (Pi) into the xylem of roots and its expression was associated with the vascular cylinder. Seven genes homologous to AtPHO1 (PpPHO1;1 to PpPHO1;7) have been identified in the moss Physcomitrella patens. The corresponding proteins harbor a SPX tripartite domain in the N-terminal hydrophilic portion and an EXS domain in the conserved C-terminal hydrophobic portion, both common features of the plant PHO1 family. Northern blot analysis showed distinct expression patterns for the PpPHO1 genes, both at the tissue level and in response to phosphate deficiency. Transgenic P. patens expressing the GUS reporter gene under three different PpPHO1 promoters revealed distinct expression profiles in various tissues. Expression of PpPHO1;1 and PpPHO1;7 was specifically induced by Pi starvation. P. patens homologues to the A. thaliana PHT1, DGD2, SQD1 and APS1 genes also responded to Pi deficiency by increased mRNA levels. Morphological changes associated with Pi deficiency included elongation of caulonemata with inhibition of the formation of side-branches, resulting in colonies with greater diameter but reduced mass compared to Pi-sufficient plants. Under Pi-deficient conditions, P. patens also increased the synthesis of ribonucleases and of an acid phosphatase, and increased the ratio of sulfolipids over phospholipids. These results indicate that P. patens and higher plants share some common strategies to adapt to Pi deficiency, although morphological changes are distinct, and that the PHO1 proteins are well conserved in bryophyte despite the lack of a developed vascular system.
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