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Published on October 19, 2007; 10.1104/pp.107.108944

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Received September 10, 2007
Accepted October 12, 2007

Nitrite Acts as Transcriptome Signal at Micromolar Concentrations in Arabidopsis Roots

Rongchen Wang , Xiujuan Xing , and Nigel Crawford *

Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116

* Corresponding author; email: ncrawford{at}ucsd.edu.

Nitrate serves as a potent signal to control gene expression in plants and algae, but little is known about the signaling role of nitrite, the direct product of nitrate reduction. Analysis of several nitrate-induced genes showed that nitrite increases mRNA levels as rapidly as nitrate in N-starved Arabidopsis roots. Both nitrite and nitrate inductions are apparent at concentrations as low as 100 nM. The response at low nitrite concentrations was not due to contaminating nitrate, which was present at less than 1% of the nitrite concentration. High levels of ammonium (20 mM) in the growth media suppressed the induction of several genes by nitrate but had varied effects on the nitrite response. Transcriptome analysis using 250 or 5 µM nitrate or nitrite showed that over half of the nitrate-induced genes, which included genes involved in nitrate and ammonium assimilation, energy production, and C and N metabolism responded equivalently to nitrite; however, the nitrite response was more robust, and there were many genes that responded specifically to nitrite. Thus, nitrite can serve as a signal as well as if not better than nitrate.




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