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Published on November 9, 2007; 10.1104/pp.107.109538

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Received September 21, 2007
Accepted November 3, 2007

A Genomic and Expression Compendium of the Expanded PEBP Gene Family from Zea mays

Olga N. Danilevskaya *, Xin Meng , Zhenglin Hou , Evgueni V. Ananiev , and Carl R. Simmons

Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., A DuPont business, 7250 NW 62nd Ave., Johnston, Iowa

* Corresponding author; email: olga.danilevskaya{at}pioneer.com.

The phosphatidylethanolamine-binding proteins (PEBPs) represent an ancient protein family found across the biosphere. In animals they are known to act as kinase and serine-protease inhibitors controlling cell growth and differentiation. In plants the most extensively studied PEBP genes, the Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL1) genes, function respectively as a promoter and a repressor of the floral transition. Twenty-five maize genes that encode PEBP-like proteins, likely the entire gene family, were identified and named Zea mays CENTRORADIALIS (ZCN), after the first described plant PEBP gene from Antirrhinum. The maize family is expanded relative to eudicots (typically 6-8 genes) and rice (19 genes). Genomic structures, map locations, and syntenous relationships with rice were determined for 24 of the maize ZCN genes. Phylogenetic analysis assigned the maize ZCN proteins to three major subfamilies: TFL1-like (6 members), MOTHER OF FT and TFL1-like (3) and FT-like (15). Expression analysis demonstrated transcription for at least 21 ZCN genes, many with developmentally specific patterns and some having alternatively spliced transcripts. Expression patterns and protein structural analysis identified maize candidates likely having conserved gene function of TFL1. Expression patterns and interaction of the ZCN8 protein with the floral activator DLF1 in the yeast two-hybrid assay strongly supports that ZCN8 plays an orthologous FT function in maize. The expression of other ZCN genes in roots, kernels, and flowers implies their involvement in diverse developmental processes.




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